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1.PIPING MATERIAL SPECIFICATION PREPARATION

–Contents of Piping Material Specification
–Bulk Material Description

a.Preparation of ITB Summary

-Identify Documents Related to Piping Materials Engineering Work from ITB
-Preparation of ITB Summary Table
-Deviation and Clarification

b.Preparation of Line Class Summary

-Determine the Process Licensers of the Project
-Preparation of Line Class Summary Table
-Compare Similar Line Classes from Different Licensers
-Preparation of Overall Line Class Summary Table
-Determine the Min. and Maximum Line Size from the P&ID
-Determine the Special Testing Requirements

c.Outline of Client’s Specification and Equivalent Specification from Former Projects

-Preparation of Table for Material Specification
-Pickup Client’s Material Specification from ITB
-Select a Reference Line Class
-Determine the Equivalent Material Specification
-Summarize the Given Notes in the ITB

d.Thickness Calculation

-Restriction Orifice
-Spectacle Blind
-Special Flanges

2.MATERIAL SUBSTITUTION

Selection of appropriate substitute material for the specified material for bulk and special components is a vital technique for technical
specification preparation and technical evaluation.

3.TOOLS AND REFERENCES FOR MATERIAL SPECIFICATION PREPARATION

3.1 Update the Summary of ASME B31.3 Chapters 1 – 4, using latest Edition
3.2 Parameters to Determine the Specification

a. Pipe
b. Fittings

-Forged Fittings
-Buttwelding Fittings
-Bronze and Brass Fittings
-Cast Iron Fittings
-Cast Steel Fittings

c. Forged Flanges
d. Gasket

-Jacketed and Spiral Wound Gasket
-Flat Ring and Solid Metal Gasket
-Full Face Gasket
-Ring Joint Gasket

e. Bolts
f. Nuts
g. Spectacle Blind
h. Valves

-Cast Valves
-Forged Valves
-Cast Iron Valves

3.3 Ratings for Different Piping Parts
3.4 Piping Material Specification Terms
3.5 Material Specification Table
3.6 Valves

-Valve Item Description
-Summary of Valves
-Comparison Between Valve Testing Requirements from Different Standards
-Comparison Between Shell Wall Thickness from Different Standards

4. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION AND REQUISITION PREPARATION

a. Technical Specification

-Groupings of Bulk Materials for Technical Specification
-Contents of Technical Specification

b. Requisition

-Contents of Requisition

5. TECHNICAL EVALUATION and VENDOR DOCUMENT REVIEW

-On the job training for technical evaluation and vendor document review.

-Flanges are most often used to connect pipes that have diameter greater than 2”.
-A flange joint consist of 2 matching disk of metal separated by a gasket that are bolted together to achieve a strong seal with the gasket material.

1.Type of Flanges

-Blind or Blank Flange
-Lap Joint Flange
-Slip-On Flange
-Socket Welding Flange
-Threaded Flange
-Welding Neck Flange

2.Pipe Flanges & Flanged Fittings

2.1.Scope

a.General

-Pressure-Temperature ratings
-Materials
-Dimensions
-Tolerances
-Markings
-Testing
-Methods of designating opening for pipe flanges and flanges fittings in sizes NPS ½-24
-Rating Classes: Class 150, Class 300, Class 400, Class 600, Class 900, Class 1500, Class 2500
-Flanges and flanged fittings may be: Cast, Forged, Plate material (for blind flanges and certain reducing flanges only)

b.References

b1.Referenced standards

-Standards and specifications adopted by reference in the standard
-A flange/flanged fittings manufactured in accordance with earlier editions of the reference standards and in all other respects conforming to this standards will be considered to be in conformance with this standard

b2.Codes and Regulations

-A flange/flanged fitting used under the jurisdiction of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, the ASME Code for Pressure Piping or a government regulation shall be subject to any limitation of that code or regulation.

2.Pressure Temperature Rating (P-T Ratings)

a.Rating basis

-Ratings are maximum allowable working gauge pressure at temperatures
-For intermediate temperatures, linear interpolation is permitted

b.Ratings of Flanged Joint

-Use of ratings for flanged joints not conforming to these limitations is the responsibility of the user.
-Requirement for alignment and assembly of joints are not given in the standard
-For flanges in a flanged joint that do not have same P-T ratings, the rating of the joint at any temperature is the lower of the two flange ratings at that temperature.

c.Rating Temperature

d.Temperature consideration

d1.Flange attachment

-Socket welding and Threaded flanges are not recommended for service above 500 deg F or below –50 deg F if severe thermal gradients or thermal cycling are involved

d2.High temperature service

-At temperatures at the creep range, gradual relaxation of flanges, bolts and gaskets may progressively reduce bolt loads.
-When used above 400F, CL150 joints may develop leakage unless care is taken to avoid imposing severe external loads or severe thermal gradients. For other classes, similar consideration should be given above 750 deg F.

d3.Low temperature service

-User should recognize that some material listed in the rating tables undergo insufficient decrease in toughness at low temperature that they cannot safely sustain shock loadings, sudden changes in stress or temperature, or high stress concentrations.

1.Parameters to Determine the Specification

-Material
-Mechanical Design
-Manufacturing Process
-Shape/Dimensions

2.Wall Thickness Calculation

2.1.Considerations for pipe wall thickness calculation

a.Based on PT-rating (NPS 12 to 16)

-Critical point
-Full flange rating

b.Actual design conditions (NPS 18 and larger)
c.External pressure (vacuum condition, use BPV)
d.Buried piping (use AWWA)
e.Advance considerations

-Comparison of allowable stress of pipe and fittings
-Comparison of PT-rating of valves and flanges

2.2.Procedure for pipe wall thickness calculation

-Select appropriate formula
-Determine Y from Table 304.1.1
-Determine Joint Quality Factor, Ej, from Table 302.3.4 and Table A-1B
-Determination of critical point
-Calculate the minimum required thickness
-Consider mill tolerance
-Select commercially available thickness

1.ASTM Materials for Piping

a.Section I: Iron and Steel Products

-Vol. 01.01: Steel Piping, Tubing and     Fittings
-Vol. 01.02: Ferrous Castings; Ferroalloys
-Vol. 01.03: Steel Plate, Sheet, Strip, Wire; Stainless Steel Bar
-Vol. 01.04: Steel Structural, Reinforcing Pressure Vessel, Railway
-Vol. 01.05: Steel Bars, Forgings, Bearing, Chain, Springs

b.Section II: Non-Ferrous Metal Products

-Vol. 02.04: Non-Ferrous Metals

c.Section VIII: Plastics

-Vol. 08.04: Plastic Pipe and Building Products

2.Codes for Pressure Piping

-ASME B31.1: Power Piping
-ASME B31.3: Process Piping
-ASME B31.4: Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids
-ASME B31.8: Gas Transmission and     Distribution Piping Systems
-ASME B31.11: Slurry Transportation Piping Systems

3.Design and Dimensional Codes

a.Pipe

-API 5L: Specification for Line Pipe
-ASME B31.1, B31.3, B31.4, B31.8, B31.11
-ASME B36.10M: Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
-ASME B36.19M: Stainless Steel Pipe

b.Fittings

-ASME B16.9: Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings
-ASME B16.11: Forged Fittings, Socket-welding and Threaded
-MSS SP-43: Wrought Stainless Steel Buttwelding Fittings
-MSS SP-83: Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-welding and Threaded
-MSS SP-95: Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs

c.Flanges

-ASME B16.5: Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings (NPS ½ to 24)
-ASME B16.36: Orifice Flanges
-ASME B16.47: Large Diameter Flanges (NPS 26 to 60)
-ASME B46.1: Surface Textures (Surface Roughness, Waviness and Lay)

d.Gaskets

-ASME B16.20: Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
-ASME B16.21: Non-metallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges

e.Bolts and Nuts

-ASME B1.1: Unified Inch Screw Threads
-ASME B18.2.1: Square and Hex Bolts and Screws (Inch Series)
-ASME B18.2.2: Square and Hex Nuts (Inch Series)

f.General and Compact Design Valves

-ASME B16.34: Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding End
-API 602: Compact Steel Gate Valves
-BS 5352: Steel Wedge Gate, Globe and Check Valves 50mm and Smaller

g.Gate Valves

-API 600: Steel Gate Valves, Flanged and Buttwelding Ends
-BS 1414: Steel Wedge Gate Valves (Flanged and Buttwelding Ends)

h.Globe Valves

-BS 1873: Specification for Steel Globe and Globe Stop and Check Valves (Flanged and Buttwelding Ends)

i.Check Valves

-API 594: Check Valves: Wafer, Wafer-Lug, and Double Flanged Type
-BS 1868: Steel Check Valves (Flanged and Buttwelding Ends)

j.Ball Valves

-API 608: Metal Ball Valves, Flanged and Buttwelding Ends

k.Butterfly Valves

-API 609: Butterfly Valves: Double Flanged, Lug-and Wafer-type

l.Inspection and Testing for Valves

-API 598: Valve Inspection and Test
-API 607: Fire Test for Soft Seated Quarter Turn Valves
-BS 6755: Testing of Valves

m.Dimensions of Valves

-ASME B16.10: Face to Face and End to End Dimensions of Valves
-BS 2080: Face to Face, Centre to Face, End to End and Center to End Dimensions Valves

4.Other Codes and Standards

a.End Preparation of Piping Components

-ASME B1.20.1: Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
-ASME B16.25: Buttwelding Ends

b.Corrosion

-NACE RP-01: Protection of Austenitic Stainless Steel in Refineries Against Stress Corrosion Cracking by Use of Neutralizing Solutions During Shutdown
-NACE MR-0175: Sulfide Stress Cracking Resistant Metallic Materials for Oil Field Equipment

-Ferrous and Nonferrous
-Steels
-Pipes (Seamless, Welded)
-Fittings (Cast, Wrought or Forged)
-Valves (Cast, Wrought or Forged)

1.Pipes

-Carbon Steels
-Low Alloy Steels
-Stainless Steels
-High Alloy Steels and Non-Ferrous Alloys

a.Carbon Steels
-A ferrous alloy that contains no more than 2.0% Carbon
-A 53
-A 106
-A 333
-A 671
-A 672

b.Low Alloy Steel

-Contains low amounts of Cr, Mo, Mn, S, Si, and other elements
-A 335
-A 691

c.Stainless Steels

-Contains a maximum Carbon content of 1.20% and a minimum Cr content of 10.5%
-A 312
-A 358
-A 790
-A 928

d.High Alloy Steels and Nonferrous Materials

-Alloy 20
-Alloy 31
-Hastelloy C 22
-Monel 400
-Titanium

2.Valves and Fittings

-Forged Valves and Fittings: deforming into desired shapes with compressive force, with/without the use of dies (A105, A182, A350)
-Wrought Fittings: formed through forging or shaping operations: hammering, pressing, piercing, extruding, upsetting, rolling, bending, machining or combinations of these operations.
(A234, A403, A420)
-Cast Valves & Fittings: formed through the solidification of molten metal in a mold (A216, A217, A351, A352)