- is a more comprehensive flow diagram which shows the interrelation among all items of equipment, piping connection and the correlation between the sensing elements and control of the instrument.
-is also called as Process Engineering Flow Diagram by other companies.
-shows typical arrangements in piping and instruments as minimum requirements considering operation, maintenance and safety.

2. Classification of P&ID

a. P&ID for Individual Unit

-This is the P&ID for the individual units composing the onsite and offsite facilities. Headers for such as utility, flare, slop and flushing oil are not generally shown in this type of P&ID and they are shown “P&ID for Utility Flow Distribution (UFD)”.

b. P&ID for Utility Flow Distribution (UFD)

-UFDs show the distribution flow for the utilities to be consumed/generated in onsite facilities, and also show the distribution for flare, slops and flushing oil.
-Hose stations are also to be stated in UFDs.
-To efficiently proceed with piping layout work, it is necessary to prepare UFDs based on actual plot plan.
-UFDs are not generally prepared for the offsite facilities, because they do not use many types of utility. The utility distribution flow for the offsite are usually shown in “P&ID for Interconnecting Pipework”.

c.P&ID for Interconnecting Pipework

-This is also called “Coordination Flow Diagram”, showing the interconnections between the units and between onsite and offsite facilities.
-To efficiently proceed with piping layout work, it is necessary to prepare this P&ID based on the overall plot plan.

d. P&ID for Tie-in Connection

-This P&ID is prepared to show the tie-in points of new units with the existing ones.

e. P&ID for Auxiliary Facilities

-There are many cases where detailed information for equipment (e.g. utility connections for pumps) cannot be shown on a “P&ID for Individual Units” due to the space limitations. In such cases, “PID for Auxiliary Facilities” is separately prepared.

f. P&ID for Packaged Unit

-This is the P&IDs for the packaged unit such as compressor, refrigeration, pure water, neutralization, etc., and normally prepared by package vendor.
-It is necessary to clearly show the scope of Company’s and vendor’s work on this P&ID and also on the related “P&ID for Individual Units” to the packaged units.
-Before the vendor starts P&ID preparation, it is necessary for Company to provide the vendor with the instructions in order to coordinate formats, symbols, configurations, etc., between the parties.

-Control valve, location and assembly.
-Orifice flange (Required straight length and orientation of orifice tap).
-Mass flow meter (Colioli type).
-Turbine meter with straightner and strainer.
-Rota meters.
-Pressure gage and pressure instrument.
-Differential pressure instrument.
-Temperature gage and temperature instrument.
-Level controller and Level gage for Column and Drum.

1.For Civil Section

-Pipe Rack Width, height and Loading.
-Structure for Equipment.
-Equipment Height.
-Sleeper.
-Special Pipe Support.
-Routing Plan of Instrument cable duct and Electric cable duct.

2.For Equipment Section

-Platform Design for the Column.
-Pipe Support Lug for the Column.
-Nozzle Orientation of the Column.
-Platform Design for the Drum.
-Nozzle Orientation for the Drum.

3.For Instrument Section

-Match line of engineering and material purchase between Piping and Instrument section for each instrument equipment.

1.Piping Material Specification

-General guidance of Piping Material Specification.
-Applicable codes and standards.
-Pressure Temperature Rating.
-Branch table.
-Reducing table.

2.Specification for Piping Miscellaneous Parts

-Strainers, Y-type,T-type, Cone-type and Bucket-type.
-Spectacle blind.
-Steam trap.
-Spring Hanger.
-Sample Cooler.
-Restriction Orifice.
-Expansion Joint.
-Flexible Hose.
-Flame Arrester.
-Line Mixer.
-Exhaust Head.
-Hose and Hose Coupling.
-Tube and Tube fittings for steam tracing.
-Sliding Teflon Plate.
-Emergency Eye Shower.

3.Construction Specification for Piping works
4.Field inspection procedure for piping works
5.Welding Procedure Specification

1. Basic Lettering

-Writing Numbers
-Writing Letters

2. Understanding of Piping Bulk Materials & Special Components/Piping Component Dimension Table

2.1 Piping Bulk Materials

a. Pipes
b. Fittings

-90 degrees elbow
-45 degrees elbow
-Straight tee
-Reducing tee
-Concentric reducer
-Eccentric reducer
-Cap
-Coupling
-Olet
-Plug
-Union
-Flange
-Blind flange
-Gasket
-Bolt & nuts

c.Valves

-Gate valve
-Globe valve
-Ball valve
-Check valve
-Other types of valves

2.2 Special/miscellaneous Components

-Spectacle blind
-Orifice flange
-Strainer (Y- type, T- type, and Bucket type)
-Steam trap
-Sight glass
-Ejector
-Flame arrester
-Silencer
-Rupture disc
-Air trap
-Hose rack
-Hose reel
-Hose connector
-Emergency shower
-Eye washer
-Hydrant
-Injection nozzles
-Flexible metal tubes
-Drip funnels
-Sprinkler head
-Monitor
-Air foam chamber

2.3 Piping Component Dimension Table

3. Equipments/Vendor data

3.1 Equipment Types and Functions

a.Horizontal Drums
b.Vertical Drums and Columns
c.Reactors
d.Platforms, Ladders, and Pipe Supports
e.Heat Exchangers
f.Pumps
g.Compressors
h.Tanks
i.Representation of Equipments in Sample P&ID

4.  Piping Terminologies / Abbreviations

B. Piping Basic Design Data and Standards

1. Familiarization with the piping codes and standards

-International Codes and Standards
-Refinery Codes and Standards

2. Uses of material Specification

-Branch Table & Reducing Table
-Line Class & Line Class Index
-Detail Material Specification (sorted by line class)
-Line Class Notes

3. Reading of Piping and Instrument Diagram

3.1 Legends

-Piping Symbols
-Equipment Symbols
-Fluid Code
-Instrument Symbols
-Abbreviations

3.2 Typical Piping Arrangements

-Sampling Connection
-Steam Trap
-LC/LG Arrangement
-PG Arrangement
-Drain and Vent

3.3 General Notes
3.4 Free draining, Sloped line, No pockets and Gravity flow

4. Preparation and Uses of Line Index

-Preparation Procedure
-Full Line Number
-Entry of Line Data
-Uses of Line Index

5.Piping General Specification

-General Piping Arrangement
-Access Requirements
-Underground Piping
-Above Ground Piping
-Piping Drawing

C. Piping Drawings and B/M

1. Piping Drawings

1.1 Drafting Standards

-Lines and Letters
-Dimensions
-Supplemental Items for Indication on Piping Drawings
-Indication of Piping Components
-Pipe Supports
-Process Equipments
-Structures and Buildings
-Instruments

1.2 Procedure of Preparing Plan Drawings
1.3 Interpretation of Plan to Isometric Drawings
1.4 Preparation of Isometric Drawings
1.5 Explanation of Typical Details and Standard Drawings
1.6 Uses of Standard Pipe Support

2. Piping Material Take – Off (Bill of Material)

D. Piping Flexibility

1. Stress Analysis

-Specification for Flexibility Analysis
-Preparation of Sketches for Calculation
-Computer Input
-Evaluation of Result

E. Computer Training

1. 2DD

-Isometric Drawing Preparation
-Plan Drawing Preparation

2. Others

F. Piping Detail Engineering Design

1. Piping Layout

1.1 Around Pumps
1.2 Around Exchanger
1.3 Around Piperack
1.4 Around Offsite Area (Tankage and Sleeper Way)
1.5 Around Tower
1.6 Around Drums
1.7 Around Air Fin Cooler
1.8 Around Loading and Unloading Facilities

2. Design Information

2.1 Loading Calculation for Concentrated Load, Uniform Load and Unit Load.
2.2 Information for Civil

-Pipe Sleeper
-Table Top
-Pump Foundation Data
-Pipe Support
-Pipe Trench
-Drip Funnel
-Penetration Hole at Dike and Road Crossing
-Embedded Plate in Concrete.

2.3 Information for Structural

-Piperack
-Structure
-Pipe Support
-Access Platform
-Walkway
-Pipe Bridge

2.4 Equipment Information

-Platform Lug and Ladder
-Installation Level
-LC and LG Arrangement